Not unless you run Virtual PC
http://www.microsoft.com/mac/products/virtualpc/virtualpc.aspx?pid=virtualpc
No, you won't be able to do that. You still require a Windows OS (running under Virtual PC)
Microsoft used to have a product named "Microsoft Visual C++ Cross Platform Edition for the Macintosh" where you could write MFC apps that would run on a Mac but the product was discontinued in 1996.